The relationship between X and Y is linear only if it is of a form:
Y=mX+b, or Y=(m/X)+b
If they are related in other forms, such as:
Y=X2, or
Y=nX5+mX3+b, or
Y= SQRT(X), or
Y= COS (X),
or many other relationships, it is not linear.
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Nearly correct.
Y=(m/X)+b is not a linear relationship but a [translated] inverse relationship. The curve of the graph is a hyperbola, not a straight line.
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It is a linear relationship between x and y.
It means that the relationship between the x and y variables is not linear.
Yes, but not at the level of mathematics you are at. In elementary statistics, the line of best fit (if it exists) is always a straight line representing a linear relationship between two variables. The equation of the line is most often calculated using the least squares method. [This minimises the sum of the squares of the vertical differences between the values "predicted" by the line and those actually recorded. The process always leads to a straight line. However, in more advanced statistics, you will learn about transformations. If the relationship between two variables, X and Y, is an inverse relationship, then the relationship between 1/X and Y is linear and you can fit a linear best fit line to the data set given by 1/X and Y. This can then be used to calculate the best fit inverse curve.
If the answer you are expecting is correlation, then you are wrong. Correlation refers only to linear relationship between two variables. The correlation for any even relationship over a symmetric domain will be 0. Thus, if y = x2 between the values -a < x < a (for some a), the correlation between y and x will be 0 but few would contend that there is no relationship between the two.
A graph of Charles' Law shows the relationship between Volume vs. Temperature. Volume is placed on the y axis and temperature on the x axis. The relationship is linear if temperature is in units of Kelvin.