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Measurements are off because the tool used isn't precise. Temperature and humidity may affect the results.
Even with no mistakes in a carefully conducted experiment, error is expected. That word error does not mean a mistake, it means that measurements can never find exactly the quantity being measured.Suppose you measure the length of a table top, you might find it's 48.8 inches. Does that mean 48.800000 inches? no it does not, because you can't measure to an accuracy of one millionth of an inch without special equipment. Your experimental error is the difference between your measurement and the exact length of the table.
Calibration error and measurement error. Also, if the measurements are of different objects there may be random error.
the equipment error is the percentage of uncertainty on the equipment, so for example, a measuring cylinder has the percentage error of around 0.5cm3. The only way I know off to reduce error percentage is to well increase sample size/ volume A etc. as the calculation is something like (equipment error / quantity measured x 100) this would mean that having a higher quantity to measure will therefore decrease percentage error. hope it helps.