They are called Pythagorean triples such as 2, 4 and 5
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Yup, it follows the 3, 4, 5 rule (or in this case 6, 8, 10). Triangles with those ratios in the lengths of its sides are always right triangles
12
They are all ratios for triangles found by dividing one side of a triangle by the others. Ex: sine=opposite side/hypotenuse. *** This is so for a right-angled triangle. Non-right-angle triangle dimensions can be calculated by trigonometry but require more complicated derived formulae.
For finding the angles in a right angled triangle the ratios are: sine = opposite divided by the hypotenuse cosine = adjacent divided by the hypotenuse tangent = opposite divided by the adjacent
There are three trigonometrical ratios for finding the angles and lengths of a right angled triangle and they are tangent, cosine and sine usually abbreviated to tan, cos and sin respectively. tan = opp/adj cos = adj/hyp sin = opp/hyp Note that: opp, adj and hyp are abbreviations for opposite, adjacent and hypotenuse sides of a right angled triangle respectively.