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Temperature
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What is the density of water vapor?
The density of water vapor can vary depending on temperature and pressure. At standard temperature and pressure (STP), the density of water vapor is approximately 0.804 grams per liter (g/L). However, as temperature increases or pressure decreases, the density of water vapor decreases.
What is the definion for 100 degrees c?
Boiling point of water under certain pressure conditions. Equivalent to the temperature where the vapor pressure of steam is 1 atmosphere.
How do you define the coefficient of incipient cavitation?
The cavitaion index across a valve or pipe fitting is defined as the ratio of difference between upstream pressure and vapor pressure to the pressure drop across the valve or fitting. The index at which incipient cavitation, damage, or choked flow occurs is based on testing and depends on the type of valve or fitting.
What is a pressure gauge?
A pressure gauge is an instrument that measures the pressure in a vessel, a line, or whatever the pressure gauge is connected to. Pressure gauges come in at least two different types: differential pressure gauges, and absolute pressure gauges. Differential pressure gauges measure - surprise - DIFFERENCES in pressure. Pressure gauges that read "zero" when not attached to anything would actually be differential gauges that measure the difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure of whatever they are attached to. Vacuum gauges are differential gauges that measure how far BELOW atmospheric pressure the pressure is in a vessel or pipe. Gauges that measure "gauge pressure" are just differential gauges that are calibrated to measure zero at atmospheric pressure. Absolute pressure gauges would only read "zero" if they were attached to an absolute vacuum. A common type of absolute pressure gauge is a barometer. Strictly speaking, a mercury barometer is really a differential gauge that measures the difference between the vapor pressure of the mercury and the surrounding atmosphere, but the vapor pressure of the mercury is so low that the error in treating it as an absolute pressure gauge is generally negligible. There are many different kinds of gauges used to measure pressure including: Instruments hydrostatic - These measure pressure according the height of a liquid in a column. The height of the liquid is proportional to the pressure. Common types of hydrostatic gauges include: manometers, McLeod gauges, and piston gauges. aneroid - The pressure sensing element may be a Bourdon, a diaphragm, a capsule, or a set of bellows, which will change shape with changes in the pressure of whatever the gauge is attached to. The deflection of the pressure sensing element is read by a linkage connected to a needle or by a secondary transducer. The most common secondary transducers in modern vacuum gauges measure a change in capacitance due to the mechanical deflection. Gauges that rely on a change in capacitance are often referred to as Baratron gauges. Electronic sensors thermal conductivity - including two wire and one wire gauges that measure pressure via changes in the thermal conductivity of the wires as they are placed under strain. Something like this is used in a lot of electronic bathroom scales. ionization gauges - These are primarily used for measurements of low-pressure gasses. They sense pressure indirectly by measuring the electrical ions produced when the gas is bombarded with electrons. Fewer ions will be produced by lower density gases. they have to be calibrated against another type of pressure gauge and depend on the gas being measured.
What gas is there less of in the atmosphere over a desert than over a rain forest?
I would have to say water vapor. Since a desert is very dry with little rain which means no water vapor while a rain forest obviously gets lots of rain. It's also very hot and humid which means lots of water vapor.
What is the formula to measure relative humidity?
Relative humidity is calculated by dividing the actual amount of water vapor in the air by the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold at a given temperature, then multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage. The formula is: Relative Humidity = (Actual Water Vapor Content / Saturation Water Vapor Content) x 100.
When the air temperature increases the saturation vapor pressure?
When the air temperature increases, the saturation vapor pressure also increases. This means that warmer air can hold more water vapor before it reaches saturation. Conversely, cooler air has a lower saturation vapor pressure.
Would vapor pressure be higher in warm air or cold air?
Vapor pressure is higher in warm air because as the temperature increases, the molecules of water gain more kinetic energy and so more of them will escape into the air, increasing the vapor pressure. In cold air, the molecules have less energy and so less water will evaporate into the air, resulting in lower vapor pressure.
What is water saturation temp?
Water saturation temperature is the maximum temperature at which water can exist in a stable liquid state at a given pressure. It is the temperature at which water vapor in equilibrium with liquid water exerts a partial pressure equal to the vapor pressure of pure water at that temperature.
How much relative humidity would decrease when temperature rises?
Relative humidity is a ratio between the partial pressure of water vapor and the saturation pressure of water vapor at the current temperature and pressure. If the temperature and pressure change, then the relative humidity will change also. You are correct that higher temperatures allow the atmosphere to hold more water. That means that the saturation pressure of water vapor has increased while the current vapor pressure has remained the same, causing the relative humidity to drop. We think of humidity as how hot and sticky it is outside. The closer the water vapor pressure is to its saturation point, the more hot and sticky we feel. We associate humidity with heat since that is when we are uncomfortable, but rain is caused by the relative humidity rising to 100% because the humid air cooled to the point that the saturation pressure dipped below the current vapor pressure (or other pressure changes, or a combination of both). You can learn more at the link below. I hope this helps.
What happens when temperature and dew point are equal?
This is the point at which saturation occurs. This is also signifies 100% relative humidity. If you want to find out how close it is to reaching saturation, all you have to do is find actual vapor pressure (found by temp.), and saturation vapor pressure(found by dewpoint). You can look online for conversion charts. Once you find them, plug them into this equation: actual vapor pressure/saturation vapor pressure x 100%. Your answer should be a percentage. If it's around 60-80 percent, then you know it's cold, and there is high humidity; thus, saturation is likely to occur. If it's around 10-30 percent, then you know the humidity is low and saturation is not likely occur. Warm weather= low humidity Cold weather= high humidity.
When the portion of a pressure enthalpy diagram is beneath the saturation curve then?
the substance is typically in a two-phase region, where it exists simultaneously as both a liquid and a vapor. This means that the substance is at its saturation temperature and pressure.
Which of the colligative properties is not dependent on vapor pressure boiling point elevation vapor pressure reduction osmotic pressure?
Boiling point elevation is not dependent on vapor pressure. It is based on the solute concentration in the solution, which raises the boiling point compared to the pure solvent. The other colligative properties, vapor pressure reduction and osmotic pressure, are directly related to the concentration of solute particles in the solution.
Is suction pressure another word for evaporator saturation pressure?
No, suction pressure refers to the pressure of refrigerant gas leaving the evaporator and entering the compressor, while evaporator saturation pressure refers to the pressure at which a refrigerant changes from a liquid to a vapor in the evaporator coil. They are related but not the same.
What kind of liquid pressure is exerted at equilibrium and is dependent on temperature only?
Vapor pressure is the type of liquid pressure exerted at equilibrium that is dependent on temperature only. As temperature increases, the vapor pressure of a liquid also increases.
What is sub cooled vapor?
Subcooled vapor refers to a vapor that is at a temperature lower than its saturation temperature at a given pressure. In other words, it is a vapor that is in a superheated state but exists at a temperature below its boiling point at the current pressure. Subcooled vapor is not in equilibrium with its liquid state and is considered to be in a superheated state.
What is the saturation temperature of vapour or the boiling temperature of a liquid?
The saturation temperature of a vapor is the temperature at which it condenses to a liquid at a given pressure. It is also known as the boiling temperature of a liquid, as it is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the surrounding pressure, resulting in boiling.
