It shows primarily that the measurement unit used for recording the data is very large. For example, the standard deviation of the heights of individuals, when recorded in metres, will be one hundredth of the standard deviation of their heights when recorded in centimetres. The process is known as coding.
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This helps to show where things may not follow the norm. Quartiles help you to keep data organized and so a deviation would show how it would vary.
An IQ test is simply a (somewhat flawed) means of assessing a person's "relative intelligence". It is important that IQ is not extremely important when working with such a measure in psychology. Now, the IQ test is designed such that scores follow a pattern known as a "normal distribution". This is not simply an expected distribution! This distribution is very important in the study of statistics, and has many applications to scientific disciplines (such as psychology). A standard deviation is essentially a measure of distance from the mean. For example, say that the average person lives to be 75, with a standard deviation of 4. This means that a person who lives to be 79 would be one standard deviation above the mean, and a person who lives to be 67 would be two standard deviations below the mean. As a table depicting the normal distribution can show, one standard deviation above the mean is at the 84th percentile, while one standard deviation below the mean is at the 16th percentile (two stds above: 97.5th, two stds below: 2.5th) This means that an IQ score of 115 is at the 84th percentile, while an IQ score of 85 is at the 16th percentile. 68% of all people are within this range, and that is "most" people.
to write it in numbers
It is defined as the positive square root of the mean of the squared deviations from mean. The square of S.D is called variance. The standard deviation is used as a measure of the variance of a measurement within a group of objects. In essence, it is the average difference between the measurement of any one object and the mean measurement for the group. For example, if the average measured weight of brown bears is 140kg (265lbs) and the standard deviation of weights among brown bears is 5kg (11lbs), then any particular, individual brown bear is likely to weight between 135-145kg (254-276lbs), and very likely to weight between 130-150kg (243-287lbs). It's impossible to know the weight of an individual bear just by looking at the mean weight for all bears, but the standard deviation tells you what range of weights the weight of an individual bear will fall in.
Writing a number in standard form simply means to express the number in its 'normal' form. Therefore, the way you wrote the number is the standard form for your example.