It is thought that decimal numbers were used by the Elamite dynasty (Iran) approx 5000 (+/- 500) years ago.
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Hindus of India
THe Gupta Empire
Melvil Dewy
Melvil Dewey created the Dewey Decimal system. It is a classification system used by libraries, and not what is meant in the question. The decimal number system is the number system that we all use on a daily basis; it was invented by a succession of Arab and Hindu mathematicians beginning about 1400 years ago.
Mathematicians in ancient India s invented the decimal system around in the 9th century CE. It was later adopted by Persian and Arabic mathematicians and spread to the western world by the High Middle Ages.