It is called the first coordinate
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In the ordered pair (a, b), the object a is called the first entry, and the object b the second entry of the pair. Alternatively, the objects are called the first and second coordinates, or the left and right projections of the ordered pair.
The abscissa
It is called the abscissa.
This is a statement; it is not a question.
A ordered pair is one of many ways in which a function may be defined. The function maps the element in the first position of an ordered pair to the second element in that pair.