"Pipes" or "vertical bars"
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Just a pair of straight vertical lines, one on either side of the number. The absolute value of 18k is |18k| . The absolute value of 'x' is |x| .
Absolute Value means the distance from 0, and so you should solve the equation with the number inside the Absolute Value lines as a positive and then solve again as a negative.
Double verticle lines surrounding an expression means to take the absolute value of the expression. The absolute value of an expression is the expression if it is positive, and the negative of the expression if it is negative, i.e. the unsigned distance from zero. Analytically, in order to process the expression, the absolute value of an expression is also the square root of the square of the expression.
That is called the "absolute value" of a number.
To find the absolute value of a positive number all the answer is is the number in between the lines. For example, the absolute value of [340] is 340. To find the absolute value of a negative number, it is simply the opposite (positive version) of the negative number. For example, the absolute value of [-56] is just 56.