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Colour - however, this can be a very misleading property.

Transparency - Is the crystal transparent, translucent or opaque

Lustre - how shiney is the crystal is, there are various different types of lustre.

Hardness - Expressed in a number between 0 and 10 on the Moh scale.

Streak - the colour of the mineral in powdered form. Easily testable by scratching the mineral on a porcelain plate.

Cleavage - Very characteristic to a mineral is what the preferred cleavage is.

Mode of occurrence - Is it like needles, fibre, tabular, prismatic, etc.

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