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It was important for him to share the values that his father had taught him.
Note the range and size of the scale values
They are the same thing. They give you an accurate representation of all the values in a data set
A z-score gives the distance (specifically number of standard deviations) from the mean so when you compare z-scores, it gives a direct comparison of how far from the mean the values are.
It gives an indication of the spread in the values: are they all very close to the mean value or scattered across a wide range of values? That is important in determining how accurate your point estimate of the mean is.