There are infinitely many rational numbers between any two (different) numbers, no matter how close together they are.
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No, there are more irrational numbers between 1 and 2 than there are rational numbers.
No, not at all. There are more irrational numbers between 1 and 2 than there are rational numbers in total!
There are an infinite number of rational numbers between any two rational numbers. And 2 and 7 are rational numbers. Here's an example. Take 2 and 7 and find the number halfway between them: (2 + 7)/2 = 9/2, which is rational. Then you can take 9/2 and 2 and find a rational number halfway: 2 + 9/2 = 13/2, then divide by 2 = 13/4. No matter how close the rational numbers become, you can add them together and divide by 2, and the new number will be rational, and be in between the other 2.
All rational numbers are fractional but all fractional numbers are not rational. For example, pi/2 is fractional but not rational.
That is the property of infinite density of rational numbers. If x and y are any two rational numbers then w = (x + y)/2 is a rational number between them. And then there is a rational number between x and w. This process can be continued without end.