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Binary arithmetic.Binary arithmetic.Binary arithmetic.Binary arithmetic.
There are many. There are those that deal with the four basic binary operations, then there are rules governing exponents and logarithms.
A binary operation is one which takes two numbers and combines them into one. +,-,* and / are all binary operations. If you start with 4 numbers and apply one binary opeartion (to two of the numbers) you are left with three. After two binary operations you are left with two numbers and after three binary operations you are left with only one number. You cannot, therefore, carry out the fourth binary operation if you start with four numbers.
The definition of adding fractions is : "calculating the results of applying the binary operation of addition to two or more rational numbers which, in their simplest form, have denominators which are not one."
Adding in base 2 is binary for computers. 10 = 2 because 10 means 1 of your base. The rules are no different.