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How many numbers do a ip number have?
An IPv4 address has four groups of digits from 0 to 255 (256 total in one group which is equal 2^8), so it could vary from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255 Total length of IPv4 address space is 2^32 = 4,294,967,296 total addresses. An IPv6 address has eight groups of four hexadecimal digits from 0 to ffff (65,536 total in each group which is equal 2^16), so it could vary from 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 to ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff Total length of IPv6 address space is 2^128 = 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 total addresses, which means it's more than 4,8 * 10^28 of addresses for each of 7 billion people on the planet.
Where hexa decimal number is used?
These are used quite often to represent values stored in bytes - 1 byte is represented as two hexadecimal digits. For example, both the MAC address of a network card and the new IP addresses (IPv6) are usually shown as hexadecimal.
Suppose you send data to an address that begins with the format prefix FF0E on a network running IPv6 to what devices are you transmitting?
All Devices that are reachable. Do your homework yourself. Man, if you dont like helping people with thir homework then do not help. Plain and simple. Get over yourself.
What is the difference between OSPF and IS-IS and which one is preferred?
OSPF requires an area 0, while IS-IS does not. Like OSPF, IS-IS uses areas when designing the network. However, IS-IS does not require and area 0 like OSPF does. Because IS-IS was originally designed for non-IP protocols, it can more easily support IPv6 routing. Preference is relative to the size of the network. OSPF (a network layer protocol) is more often used in medium to large enterprise networks because of it's special tunnelling features. IS-IS is often used in VERY large ISP networks because of its stability features and the fact that it can support more routers.
What is main purpose of nspr4 dll file?
NetScape Portable Runtime (NSPR) provides platform independence for non-GUI operating system facilities. These facilities include threads, thread synchronization, normal file and network I/O, interval timing and calendar time, basic memory management (malloc and free) and shared library linking. A good portion of the library's purpose, and perhaps the primary purpose in the Gromit environment, is to provide the underpinnings of the Java VM, more or less mapping the sys layer that Sun defines for the porting of the Java VM to various platforms. NSPR does go beyond that requirement in some areas and since it is also the platform independent layer for most of the servers produced by Netscape. It is expected and preferred that existing code be restructured and perhaps even rewritten in order to use the NSPR API. It is not a goal to provide a platform for the porting into Netscape of externally developed code. [hide]* 1 History * 2 How It Works ** 2.1 Threads ** 2.2 Thread synchronization ** 2.3 I/O ** 2.4 Network addresses ** 2.5 Time ** 2.6 Memory management ** 2.7 Linking * 3 Where It's Headed * 4 Original Document Information The current generation of NSPR is known as NSPR20. The first generation of NSPR was originally conceived just to satisfy the requirements of porting Java to various host environments. NSPR20, an effort started in 1996, builds on that original idea, though very little is left of the original code. (The "20" in "NSPR20" does not mean "version 2.0" but rather "second generation".) Many of the concepts have been reformed, expanded, and matured. Today NSPR may still be appropriate as the platform dependent layer under Java, but its primary application is supporting clients written entirely in C or C++. NSPR's goal is to provide uniform service over a wide range of operating system environments. It strives to not export the lowest common denominator, but to exploit the best features of each operating system on which it runs, and still provide a uniform service across a wide range of host offerings. Threads are the major feature of NSPR. The industry's offering of threads is quite sundry. NSPR, while far from perfect, does provide a single API to which clients may program and expect reasonably consistent behavior. The operating systems provide everything from no concept of threading at all up to and including sophisticated, scalable and efficient implementations. NSPR makes as much use of what the systems offer as it can. It is a goal of NSPR that NSPR impose as little overhead as possible in accessing those appropriate system features. Thread synchronization is loosely based on Monitors as described by C.A.R. Hoare in Monitors: An operating system structuring concept, Communications of the ACM, 17(10), October 1974 and then formalized by Xerox' Mesa programming language ("Mesa Language Manual", J.G. Mitchell et al, Xerox PARC, CSL-79-3 (Apr 1979)). This mechanism provides the basic mutual exclusion (mutex) and thread notification facilities (condition variables) implemented by NSPR. Additionally, NSPR provides synchronization methods more suited for use by Java. The Java-like facilities include monitor reentrancy, implicit and tightly bound notification capabilities with the ability to associate the synchronization objects dynamically. NSPR's I/O is a slightly augmented BSD sockets model that allows arbitrary layering. It was originally intended to export synchronous I/O methods only, relying on threads to provide the concurrency needed for complex applications. That method of operation is preferred though it is possible to configure the network I/O channels as non-blocking in the traditional sense. Part of NSPR deals with manipulation of network addresses. NSPR defines a network address object that is Internet Protocol (IP) centric. While the object is not declared as opaque, the API provides methods that allow and encourage clients to treat the addresses as polymorphic items. The goal in this area is to provide a migration path between IPv4 and IPv6. To that end it is possible to perform translations of ASCII strings (DNS names) into NSPR's network address structures, with no regard to whether the addressing technology is IPv4 or IPv6. Timing facilities are available in two forms: interval timing and calendar functions. Interval timers are based on a free running, 32-bit, platform dependent resolution timer. Such timers are normally used to specify timeouts on I/O, waiting on condition variables and other rudimentary thread scheduling. Since these timers have finite namespace and are free running, they can wrap at any time. NSPR does not provide an epoch, but expects clients to deal with that issue. The granularity of the timers is guaranteed to be between 10 microseconds and 1 millisecond. This allows a minimal timer period in of approximately 12 hours. But in order to deal with the wrap-around issue, only half that namespace may be utilized. Therefore, the minimal usable interval available from the timers is slightly less than six hours. Calendar times are 64-bit signed numbers with units of microseconds. The epoch for calendar times is midnight, January 1, 1970, Greenwich Mean Time. Negative times extend to times before 1970, and positive numbers forward. Use of 64 bits allows a representation of times approximately in the range of -30000 to the year 30000. There is a structural representation (i.e., exploded view), routines to acquire the current time from the host system, and convert them to and from the 64-bit and structural representation. Additionally there are routines to convert to and from most well-known forms of ASCII into the 64-bit NSPR representation. NSPR provides API to perform the basic malloc, calloc, realloc and free functions. Depending on the platform, the functions may be implemented almost entirely in the NSPR runtime or simply shims that call immediately into the host operating system's offerings. Support for linking (shared library loading and unloading) is part of NSPR's feature set. In most cases this is simply a smoothing over of the facilities offered by the various platform providers. NPSR is applicable as a platform on which to write threaded applications that need to be ported to multiple platforms. The current implementation supports Macintosh (PPC), WIN-32 (WinNT, Win9x) and 20 versions of UNIX and is still expanding. The basic API is stable and expected to remain that way. NSPR is functionally complete and has entered a mode of sustaining engineering. As operating system vendors issue new releases of their operating systems, NSPR will be moved forward to these new releases by interested players.
What does IPV6 stand for?
The acronym IPV6 is short for Internet Protocol Version 6. An intended replacement for the original Internet Protocol Version 3, IPV6 was introduced to consumers and internet users in the mid 1990's.
When an IPv6 enabled host needs to discover the mac address of an intended ipv6 destination which destination address is used by the source host in the ns message?
solicited-node multicast address
Does Windows XP support IPv6?
Short answer - yes.You need to be running Service Pack 1 at a minimum.Service Pack 2 has an even more complete IPv6 stack.To enable IPv6 on XP, open a command prompt window and type:C:\> ipv6 /?Did you then see this result?:C:\> ipv6 /?Could not access IPv6 protocol stack - the stack is not installed.To install, please use 'ipv6 install'.If you did get the above result, simply type:C:\> ipv6 installIt will take a few seconds, and then your Windows XP system will be fully IPv6 enabled.
What are the uses of ipv6 for commercial?
what is the commercial use of ipv6?
What is World IPv6 Day?
World IPv6 Day is June 8th, 2011. It serves as a test of IPv6 functionality on the Internet. Numerous large content providers, equipment manufacturers and ISPs participate, such as Answers.com, Google, Facebook, Yahoo, Juniper, Cisco and Akamai. These organizations, and many others like them offer their services over IPv6 in addition to IPv4 for a 24-hour period beginning at 00:00 UTC and ending at 23:59 UTC. This test-flight is intended to motivate organizations to move forward with their plans to deploy IPv6 and ease the migration off of IPv4 in preparation for the impending IPv4 address space exhaustion. It is also designed to help elucidate current IPv6 readiness across the Internet, and possibly uncover existing problems. Two other similar events have taken place in the past, on September 16, 2010 and October 26, 2010, on a much smaller scale.
What is the length in bits of a logical IP address IPv4 and IPv6?
32 bits (for IPv4), or 128 bits (for IPv6).32 bits (for IPv4), or 128 bits (for IPv6).32 bits (for IPv4), or 128 bits (for IPv6).32 bits (for IPv4), or 128 bits (for IPv6).
Why is ipv6 not available?
IPV6 is relatively new and doesn't work everywhere yet.
How many bits are used for an IP address in IPv6?
IN IPv6 we can find 128bits.
How many bits are in an IPv6?
IPv6 uses a 128-bit address space
How do you have the tunnel interface and the IPv6 Loopback interface as the only connections running IPv6?
by unchecking the check box of IPv6 in local area network properties
What can you use to identify a ipv6 address?
IPv6 address has 2^128 address and IPv6 address is of 16 bytes and is represented in colon hex notation.
What is the effect of configuring the IPv6 unicast-routing command on a router?
By configuring an IPv6 Unicast routing command on a router you are allowing the router to communicate with the IPv6 interface. This is needed if you intend to send or receive data over an IPv6 network.
