One thing that Rene Descartes did was make the connection between the mind and the brain. He developed the theory that the nonphysical mind controlled the physical body through secretions in the pineal gland. Although this is incorrect, he was the first person to try to try to make this connection. In reality, we now know that our behavior is controlled by the physical body (the brain) and the mind does not exist. Rene Descartes was an innovative philosopher and a mathematician.
Rene Descartes (pronounced dey-cart) was a philosopher who experimented with the method of doubt. His belief had three key phenomenons, first that our eyes were tricking us, the second is deduction, and the third is that there is a demon who is controlling us, tricking us, making us believe things that are not true. This led him to the famous quote, "I think, therefore I am," ( one of my favorite philosophical quotes)
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René Descartes was a French philosopher, mathematician and writer. In 1606, at the age of 8, René attended the Jesuit college of Henri IV in La Flèche, where he studied literature, grammar, science, and mathematics. In 1614, he left La Flèche to study civil and cannon Law at Poitiers. In 1616, he received his baccalaureate and licentiate degrees in Law. Aside from his Law degrees, Descartes also spent time studying philosophy, theology, and medicine.
In 1637, he published "geometry", in which his combination of algebra and geometry gave birth to analytical geometry, better known as Cartesian geometry.
But the most important contribution Descartes made were his philosophical writings; Descartes, who was convinced that science and mathematics could be used to explain everything in nature, was the first to describe the physical universe in terms of matter and motion, seeing the universe a as giant mathematically designed engine. Descartes wrote three important texts: Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences, Meditations on First Philosophy, and Principles of Philosophy.
He contracted pneumonia, from which he died on February 11, 1650 at the age of 54.
Short answer: Descartes' doubt was like WWI - the doubt to end all doubt. Only by doubting everything could Descartes hope to find anything that was certain (even if the only certainty is that nothing else is certain!).
Descartes did not invent polynomials.
Philosophically, Descartes was concerned with the existence of reality.
Rene Descartes was a French mathematician who created coordinated geometry.
Rene Descartes was the first to do anything really interesting with them. The Latin form of Descartes is Cartesius and the familiar X-Y coodinates are known as Cartesian coordiates after Descartes.