They make up a set of numbers which can be expressed as ratios of two integers, in the form p/q where q is non-zero.
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It can't be both at the same time. Irrational means "not rational".
Rational numbers are all whole numbers over 0. It basically means that if you want to say how much cats you have, you use rational numbers. You don't have -8 cats, you don't have 0 cats and hopefully you don't have 3.5 cats. You have 4 cats. There are infinite rational numbers.
The set of irrational numbers is larger than the set of rational numbers, as proved by Cantor: The set of rational numbers is "countable", meaning there is a one-to-one correspondence between the natural numbers and the rational numbers. You can put them in a sequence, in such a way that every rational number will eventually appear in the sequence. The set of irrational numbers is uncountable, this means that no such sequence is possible. All rational and irrationals (ie real numbers) are a subset of complex numbers. Complex numbers, in turn, are part of a larger group, and so on.
The set of rational numbers is a subset of the set of real numbers. That means that every rational number is a real number, but not every real number is rational. The square root of 2 is an example of a real number that isn't rational; that is, it can't be expressed as the quotient of two integers.
Every rational number can be expressed as a fraction. It's what rational means- a number that can be expressed as a ratio (fraction) of integers.