For a function of only one variable it mean the derivative with respect to that variable.
Thus, f'(x) = df(x)/dx.
Occasionally, it can also refer to a variation of a function. For example, a family of functions, f(x), f'(x), f''(x) and so on.
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In mathematics the difference between a function and a relation is that each X-value in a function only has a single Y-value.
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A single quote is used for feet; double quotes for inches. Example : He was 6'2'' tall.
The mean of a single number is the number itself!
The mean (average) of any single number is the number itself. Note that normally you would calculate the mean of a larger group of numbers - though it makes perfect sense to talk about the mean of a single number.