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Let's say that you fit a simple regression line y = mx + b to a set of (x,y) data points. In a typical research situation the regression line will not touch all of the points; it might not touch any of them. The vertical difference between the y-co-ordinate of one of the data points and the y value of the regression line for the x-co-ordinate of that data point is called a residual.

There will be one residual for each data point.

To see some labelled diagrams of residuals search images.Google.com for residuals.

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Q: What does the term residual mean?
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