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The frequencies on which sonar is used vary widely. Human hearing is usually cited as ranging as from 20 cycles per second (Hertz) to 20,000 cycles per second. There are many sonars that use frequencies in the 20 to 20,000 Hertz range. In general, the sonars that are used for short range underwater applications operate on a slightly higher frequency than those that are designed to look over long distances. But there are a lot of sonars which use frequencies far outside the range of human hearing. Medical imaging is the most popular use of sonar. The range of frequencies used by these devices range from 2 million cycles per second to 18 million cycles per second. These frequencies are far above what humans can hear.
Frequencies typically refer to counts, or "how many". If you wanted to know the frequencies of students in a school by gender, you would simply be asking about "how many" boys and how many girls there are.
"Bar graph" is the word for the relative frequencies shown by heights.
The name 8085 was given to the next generation of the 8080 to indicate 1.) that it was a next generation device and 2.) that it only required a single +5V power supply to operate.
I have seen logarithms used with decibels, which are used to measure power or intensity; not with frequencies.