fallacy
The process of reasoning that arrives at a conclusion based on previously accepted general statements is Deductive reasoning. Alternatively, Inductive reasoning is the process of reasoning that arrives at a conclusion via observation (think of hypothesis).
This would be an hypothesis (an educated guess).
Hypothesis
False. Democritus's ideas were primarily based on deductive reasoning rather than inductive reasoning. He proposed that matter is composed of small, indivisible particles called atoms, which he derived from philosophical reasoning rather than empirical observation. His conclusions laid the groundwork for later atomic theory, but they were not formed through the systematic collection of observations typical of inductive reasoning.
An inference is a conclusion based on logical reasoning from other facts rather than something that is known as a fact. It does not really have an exact antonym. I suppose there are two classes on "non-inferences" - conclusions based on direct actual observation and in contrast, conclusions based on random guesswork or emotion or intuition without any logical basis.
An inference is a conclusion based on logical reasoning.
Inductive
D
The process of reasoning that arrives at a conclusion based on previously accepted general statements is Deductive reasoning. Alternatively, Inductive reasoning is the process of reasoning that arrives at a conclusion via observation (think of hypothesis).
A logical interpretation based on observation is a conclusion drawn from facts or evidence that aligns with reasoning and common sense. It relies on the information gathered through observation to draw a valid and sound conclusion that is supported by a logical process of thinking.
This would be an hypothesis (an educated guess).
Inductive reasoning draws a conclusion based on observed patterns or evidence. For example, if every time you eat strawberries you get a stomach ache, you may conclude that you are allergic to strawberries. This conclusion is based on multiple instances of observation leading to a likely generalization.
Inductive reasoning is weaker than deductive reasoning because inductive reasoning is known as bottom-up logic where as deductive reasoning is known as top-down logic.
inference
An observation is a review of what happened. A conclusion is the reselts.
Inductive reasoning creates a conclusion that is likely to be true based on the evidence or patterns observed. It involves making generalizations from specific observations to form a broader understanding. However, the conclusion reached through inductive reasoning is not guaranteed to be true, as it is based on probability rather than certainty.
To infer means to deduce or conclude something based on evidence or reasoning rather than direct observation or explicit information. It involves drawing a logical conclusion from available information or clues.