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Antagonists are substances that inhibit or block the action of a neurotransmitter or hormone at its receptor site. They can prevent the physiological response that would normally occur when an agonist binds to the receptor, effectively reducing or negating the effect of the active compound. This mechanism is utilized in various therapeutic contexts, such as in medications that treat conditions like anxiety or hypertension by counteracting overstimulation. Additionally, antagonists play a critical role in research by helping to elucidate the functions of specific receptors.

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