It is an equation.
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A mathematical sentence that uses an equal sign to explain the equality of two amounts is called an equation.
If it has an inequality sign, for example "less than", it is an inequality. If it doesn't have that, it is an expression.
If there is an equal sign, it is called an equation; if there is a less-than, a less-than-or-equal, a greater-than, or a greater-than-or-equal sign, an inequality; if there is none of these, an expression.
A mathematical equation uses numbers instead of words. And like a sentence they have proper structure and rules.
It's an equation.