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Put OptionA put option is an option in which the buyer has the right but is not required to sell a security to the writer of the contract at the strike price during a certain time period. If the buyer exercises the option the seller/or writer of the contract is required to purchase the underlying security at the agreed upon strike price. American put options can be exercised at any point during the life of the contract.

The buyer of a put is either believes the price of the underlying equity will fall below the strike price before the excersise date and hopes to profit or the buyer is simply protecting a long position.

The writer of the put believes the underlying security will trade flat to higher over the lifetime of the contract and has the goal of simply collecting the premium.

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A put writer can also have the goal of buying securities at a discounted price.

Say I believe Joe's Windows is going to sell for $50.50 per share on February 1. Right now (we'll say right now is September) it's selling for $54. I also know Joe's is a cyclical industry--Joe doesn't sell very many windows in February because no one wants to replace windows when it's cold outside, but he sells a lot of them in May. I think Joe's is going to sell for $65 per share in May. So I sell a put for a thousand shares of Joe's with a $51 strike price and a February 1 expiration date, and a premium of $1 per share. In automated options trading, if the stock price is five cents or more lower than the strike price the option is automatically exercised. I put the $1000 premium in my brokerage account. On February 1, the stock price was $50.90; the option exercised. My brokerage account balance went down by $51,000, my portfolio went up by 1000 shares of stock, and there are three happy campers: the person who sold me the stock because he's $51,000 richer; the broker, who gets a commission from the trade; and me because after the $1000 premium is subtracted I really only had to pay $50,000 for that stock. And I'll be even happier on April 14, because after Joe's new warehouse opens and the stock price shoots up to $70 per share I'll have even more of a profit than I was planning!

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Q: What is a put option?
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