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The rectangular or Cartesian coordinate system was devised by Rene Descartes. The system consists of a plane containing two mutually perpendicular axes which cross at a point called the origin.

Usually the axes are referred to as the x-axis which is horizontal, and the y-axis which is vertical. Each axis has a negative and a positive direction. Again, conventionally, the positive direction of the x-axis is to the right and that for the y-axis is upwards. These are only conventions since, when studying the motion of objects moving under gravity (among other forces), it is often convenient to use the downward direction as being positive.

The position of any point in the plane is identified by its distances from the origin along the two axes.

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Q: What is a rectangular co-ordinate system?
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