The shooting method is a method of reducing a boundary value problem to an initial value problem. You essentially take the first boundary condition as an initial point, and then 'create' a second condition stating the gradient of the function at the initial point and shoot/aim the function towards the second boundary condition at the end of the interval by solving the initial value problem you have made, and then adjust your gradient condition to get closer to the boundary condition until you're within an acceptable amount of error. Once within a decent degree of error, your solution to the initial value problem is the solution to the boundary value problem.
Have attached PDF file I found which might explain it better than I have been able to here.
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numerical analysis application
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It is the study of algorithms that use numerical values for the problems of continuous mathematics.
Numerical Analysis - an area of mathematics that uses various numerical methods to find numerical approximations to mathematical problems, while also analysing those methods to see if there is any way to reduce the numerical error involved in using them, thus resulting in more reliable numerical methods that give more accurate approximations than previously.
To know which numerical method to use for a problem one first needs to understand the various methods and evaluate the problems.