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The choice of one-tailed or two-tailed tests follows the logic of the hypothesis that is being tested! The one-tailed test, if appropriate, will be more powerful.
When the alternative hypothesis is non-directional, we use a two-tailed test. Example: H0: mean = 50 Ha : mean not equal to 50 Here is a directional hypothesis that would use a one-tailed test. H0: mean = 40 Ha : mean > 40 or H0: mean = 40 Ha: mean < 40
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They are used to test hypothesis such as the mean is some value where you do not know if otherwise the mean is less or more.
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