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The (operation) union in mathematics usually refers to sets of numbers and means the combination of those sets. The best way to describe it is to use an example:

Take some set A with the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in it and some set B with the numbers 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 in it.

The union of these two sets would be the list of all things (list of elements) that is in EITHER set. As long as something is in one of the sets, it's in the union of the sets.

Going with the example, the union of these two sets would be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9.

Note though that you do NOT count something twice if it's in both sets, it's only counted once.

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Q: What is a union in mathematics?
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