The variable that stays the same throughout the entire experiment is called the control.
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If you change more that one variable in an experiment, then when the result occurs, you won't know which variable caused the change.
A dependant variable in an experiment is the portion of the experiment, or "y" variable that is subjected to change as a result of the various forms of the independent variable, or "x" variable.
Independent variable is the variable that you change in an experiment.
A constant variable is one that does not change during an experiment. If your experiment includes a dozen cupcakes and that number does not change throughout your experiment, the dozen cupcakes is a constant variable.
Independent variable is what you, the experimenter, change or enacts in order to do your experiment