A variable raised to the second power would be refered to as "squared." Some math-based programs like Excel let you enter a power with a carot, ie, "(variable name)^2" if you want to calculate the answer.
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It is the square: the variable multiplied by itself.
An equation where some variable is raised to the second power.
Use the definition of a function. If, for any value of one variable, there is only a single possible value of the second variable, then the second variable is a function of the first variable. The second variable is often called the "dependent variable". If you can solve an equation explicitly for the dependent variable, then it is a function. If you can NOT solve it for a variable, it may or may not be a function - it turns out that some equations are hard or impossible to solve explicitly for one of the variables.
Equations can be classified according to the highest power of the variable. Since the highest power of the variable in a linear equation is one, it is also called a first-order equation.
Taking a number to the second power is known as "squaring" the number.