Correlation coefficient
My understanding is: two variables as they relate to one another and how accurately you can predict their behavior to one another when together.
Basically the strength of the linear association between two variables. When the variables have a tendency to go up and down together, this is a positive correlation coefficient. Variables with a tendency to go up and down in opposition, (one ends up with a high value and the other a low value) this is negatiove correlation coefficient.
An example would be the amount of weight a mom gains during pregnancy and the birth weight of the baby
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Yes it can be a correlation coefficient.
No, it cannot be a correlation coefficient.
A correlation coefficient is a value between -1 and 1 that shows how close of a good fit the regression line is. For example a regular line has a correlation coefficient of 1. A regression is a best fit and therefore has a correlation coefficient close to one. the closer to one the more accurate the line is to a non regression line.
Evidence that there is no correlation.
A coefficient of zero means there is no correlation between two variables. A coefficient of -1 indicates strong negative correlation, while +1 suggests strong positive correlation.