Most athletes have some sort of "lucky" game behavior, like their lucky socks. They wore the socks one time when they played really well and so they associate them with doing well. However, they will disregard any of the times that they wore the socks and did not play well. This is an illusory correlation because the socks have nothing to do with actually doing well.
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the perception of a relationship between two variables that does not actually exist.
NO. correlation just (implies) a relationship ... for example, both may be caused by the same thing.
An undefined correlation is one in which the data would not plot with points making a vertical line.
There would be a negative correlation in the classroom, of a student's grades, with the number of days absent from class.
One common example of a correlation method is Pearson's correlation coefficient, which measures the linear relationship between two continuous variables. For instance, researchers might use this method to analyze the correlation between hours studied and exam scores among students. A positive value close to +1 indicates a strong positive correlation, while a value close to -1 indicates a strong negative correlation. This method helps in understanding how changes in one variable may relate to changes in another.