That depends on who you ask and what you're shooting at.
I prefer the .30 06 for hunting. But I know people who swear by the .308, and even others that prefer the .30 30
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30-06 because it's a bigger round than the .308 although it might travel slow it has greater impact on the target
The 30-06 is physically larger. They preform similar, ballistically, though. 30-06 is the answer to your direct question.
I've heard 1-2 inches for the .30-06, so the .308 should be that or better.
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308/8