Hindu
The Roman numeral representation of 499 is CDXCIX, which can be broken down as follows: CD (400) + XC (90) + IX (9).
Nowadays 499 in Roman numerals is now considered to be CDXCIX but the ancient Romans would have simply worked it out as ID meaning 500-1 = 499
In accordance with today's rules it is CDXCIX But the Romans themselves in the past probably wrote it out simply as ID (-1+500=499)
491-500: cdxci, cdxcii, cdxciii, cdxciv, cdxcv, cdxcvi, cdxcvii, cdxcviii, cdxcix, d
Hindu
The Roman numeral representation of 499 is CDXCIX, which can be broken down as follows: CD (400) + XC (90) + IX (9).
Nowadays 499 in Roman numerals is now considered to be CDXCIX but the ancient Romans would have simply worked it out as ID meaning 500-1 = 499
In accordance with today's rules it is CDXCIX But the Romans themselves in the past probably wrote it out simply as ID (-1+500=499)
491-500: cdxci, cdxcii, cdxciii, cdxciv, cdxcv, cdxcvi, cdxcvii, cdxcviii, cdxcix, d
In today's notation it is: (IV)CDXCIX = 4000+400+90+9 = 4499 But the Romans probably wrote the equivalent of 4499 simply as I(IV)D = -1 +4000 +500 = 4499
Under today's rules governing the Roman numeral system 499 is considered to be CDXCIX which makes it almost impossible for any kind of numerical interaction with other numerals. But the Romans themselves in the past would have calculated the equivalent of 499 as CCCCLXXXXVIIII which can be methodically contracted to ID (500-1)
In todays modern notation of Roman numerals they are:- Units: I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX Tens: X, XX, XXX, XL, L, LX, LXX, LXXX and XC Hundreds: C, CC, CCC, CD and D To select any number simply write them out in descending order as in the following examples:- 499 = CD+XC+IX = CDXCIX 68 = LX+VIII = LXVIII 7 = VII Note that the Roman numeral for 0 is N but it's never used.
In accordance with the rules governing the Roman numeral system made up during the Middle Ages and centuries after the Romans had quit England, 999 in Roman numerals is today reckoned to be CMXCIX and half of this would work out as CDXCIXS (499.5) But in all reality the Romans themselves would have most probably wrote out 999 simply as IM and half of this work's out as SD (-0.5+500 = 499.5) Note that the Roman numeral for a 1/2 looks like the letter S and its Latin name is 'semis' which means a half.
Today we would convert the above Hindu-Arabic numerals into Roman numerals as CDXCIX, XLIX, XCIX and XIX respectively which makes adding them up an almost impossible task. But the Romans would have worked out these numerals on an abacus counting device and then probably simplified then to ID, IL, IC and IXX respectively in written form which makes adding them up a lot easier as follows:- ID+IL = IIDL (499+49 = 548) IIDL+IC = VDCLII (548+99 = 647) VDCLII+IXX = DCLXVI (647+19 = 666)
Today we would convert 499 into Roman numerals as CDXCIX which makes it almost impossible to perform any kind of arithmetical operations with them. But the Romans themselves would have calculated the equivalent of 499 on an abacus counting device as CCCCLXXXXVIIII and probably simplified them to ID (-1+500=499) in written form in the same way that IIII and VIIII (4 and 9) are simplified to IV and IX respectively. So the equivalent of 1776 -499 = 1277 would work out as:- MDCCLXXVI -ID = MCCLXXVII The above calculation is achieved by adding I to and subtracting D from MCCLXXVI. Remember that a minus minus becomes a plus so -(-I+D) = +I-D
In accordance with the amended rules governing today's Roman numeral system 499 and 1999 converted into Roman numerals are CDXCIX and MCMXCIX respectively which makes it almost impossible to perform any kind of mathematical operations with them. But the Romans themselves in the past most probably wrote out the respective numerals as ID and IMM because:- ID is a simplification of CCCCLXXXXVIIII (499) IMM is a simplification of MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII (1999) So: MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII - CCCCLXXXXVIIII = MD (1500) Alternatively: IMM - ID = MD The Romans would have probably used an abacus calculating device to work out larger numbers and then wrote them out in a simplified form whenever possible.