Timber used parallel to the grain is stronger because its cellular structure is optimized for tensile strength along the grain direction, allowing it to effectively bear loads. The wood fibers are aligned in a way that provides resistance to bending and shearing forces. In contrast, when timber is used perpendicular to the grain, the fibers are more susceptible to splitting and crushing, resulting in reduced strength and stability. This inherent design of wood makes it more resilient when loads are applied along the grain.
The lines seen on natural timber are called "grain." Timber grain refers to the arrangement and appearance of wood fibers, which can vary significantly between different species of trees. The grain patterns result from the growth rings and the way the wood cells are structured, influencing both the aesthetic and physical properties of the wood.
They are perpendicular and one diagonal is bisected.
The diagonal direction of fabric is called the "bias." It runs at a 45-degree angle to the threads of the fabric, allowing for greater stretch and flexibility compared to the straight grain or cross grain. This characteristic makes bias-cut fabrics popular in garment construction, as they can drape more fluidly and fit the body's contours better.
According to Wikipedia: A diagonal can refer to a line joining two nonconsecutive vertices of a polygon or polyhedron... See the related link for more detail.
The grain - is the pattern in the wood, showing the direction of the fibres.
Timber is stronger across the grain than along the grain.
The direction of the grain in timber significantly impacts the strength of the wood. Wood is strongest along the grain, so a piece of timber with the grain running parallel to the load will be stronger than if the grain runs perpendicular to the load. This is because the fibers in the wood provide more support and resistance to forces acting along the grain.
bias
BIAS
BIAS
In many ways, firstly for grain quality. Age, type of timber, dampness/dryness
For the tree's timber, a common name is 'honeysuckle'. It is a beautiful timber, carrying a complex grain of ribbons.
The lines seen on natural timber are called "grain." Timber grain refers to the arrangement and appearance of wood fibers, which can vary significantly between different species of trees. The grain patterns result from the growth rings and the way the wood cells are structured, influencing both the aesthetic and physical properties of the wood.
In exchange, the Greeks got grain, timber, and metal.
they resist stress and spread the load over the length of the board
The Greeks traded fish for products such as grain timber flax.