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A relation is not good enough. We take a transformation, or map, call it M, between any two sets, A and B. Denoted M: A ---> B.

Set A is the domain, B is called the co-domain. The set of all elements in B that is a map of A, or with a minor abuse of notation, the set M(A) is called the range.

So, if you take a map M from human, A, to animals, B. For each person, we say M(person) = The person's pet. It's a perfectly fine map, or relation. Then, the domain is all human, the co-domain is the animals, and the range is all animals that are also pets.

Range is ALWAYS a subset of the co-domain.

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Q: What is domain and range in a relationship?
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What is the domain of the range?

The domain and range are two different sets associated with a relationship or function. There is not a domain of a range.


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A relationship is a way of associating members of one set to members of another set (the two sets could be the same). The first of these sets is the domain and the second is the range.


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You do not graph range and domain: you can determine the range and domain of a graph. The domain is the set of all the x-values and the range is is the set of all the y-values that are used in the graph.


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How would you use domain and range to determine whether a relation is a function?

Each element in the domain must be mapped to one and only one element in the range. If that condition is satisfied then the mapping (or relationship) is a function. Different elements in the domain can be mapped to the same element in the range. Some elements in the range may not have any elements from the domain mapped to them. These do not matter for the mapping to be a function. They do matter in terms of the function having an inverse, but that is an entirely different matter. As an illustration, consider the mapping from the domain [-10, 10] to the range [-10, 100] with the mapping defined by y = x2.


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11