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Limits give upper and lower bounds for integration. One simple example is in finding an enclosed area. The upper and lower limits form vertical lines which enclose an area between the function and the x-axis and then integration from the lower limit (smaller x boundary) to the upper limit (larger x boundary).
To find the limits of outliers in box and whisker plots, you first must determine the Interquartile Range. The Interquartile Range is the difference between the Upper Quartile and the Lower Quartile. For instance, if my Upper Quartile = 87 and my Lower Quartile is 52, then 87 - 52= 35. 35 is the Interquartile Range (IQR).Next, you use the formula 1.5 x IQR to determine if you have any outliers.Example:1.5 x 35 = 52.5Now determine the limit for the Upper Quartile by adding 52.5 to the Upper Quartile.Example:52.5 + 87 = 139.5139.5 is the limit for the Upper Quartile.Next, determine the limit for the Lower Quartile by subtracting the Lower Quartile from 52.5Example52 - 52.5 = -0.5-0.5 is the limit for the Lower QuartileThus, the LIMITS are -0.5 and 139.5. In order for a number to be considered an outlier, it must either be less than -0.5 or greater than 139.5
The difference between any two consecutive lower (or upper) class limits it the class width.
To calculate the mode.. Add the lower limit and upper liit of the class interval with the most frequency. :)))
To calculate the class boundary of the first class in statistics, subtract 0.5 from the lower class limit of the first class and add 0.5 to the upper class limit of the first class. This is done to account for the fact that class boundaries fall halfway between the class limits.