the plane- strain conditions in civil engineering is that state in which the strain in one direction is zero as in long retaining walls, strip foundations, ...etc.
The secant modulus is the total stress or strain on an object as described by a stress-strain graph. The tangent modulus is the marginal strain.
Strain = Extension (m) / Original length (m)
it has no dimension
ride in a plane. you would fly a plane
Use the formula Strain=Extension/original length and rearrange to give Original length=Extension/Strain. Substitute the values you have for the strain and the extended length into the equation and voila! Source: Doing A-level (senior high-school in America) Maths and Physics.
yes
The force acting on a plane can be measured by instruments called strain gauges, which detect the deformation (strain) in the plane's structure caused by applied forces. These measurements can be used to calculate the force applied to the plane in various directions. Flight data recorders and load cells are also used to measure forces on a plane during flight and while on the ground.
Strain aging could be described as " normal wear and tear " or the fatigue that is experienced under normal conditions, whereas Dynamic strain would be an out of the normal range stress condition like a one time over stress condition where the sum of much strain aging is experienced in one " dynamic" occurrence.
It is a condition in which normal and shear stresses directed perpendicular to the "x-y"plane are assumed to be "zero"
cane, plain, main, train, plane, crane, strain, lane,
strain on the heart means that there is some pathological condition causing the heart to work harder. e.g stenosis, emboli, infarction... we can observe this strain by using methods like ECG or echocardiogram.
because it is the ratio of the stress to the strain and in actual condition the strain developed is different from the theoretical .
the inclined plane must be very rough
the inclined plane must be very rough
The neutral plane is a concept in structural engineering that refers to the plane within a beam where there is no stress or strain resulting from bending. It is the boundary between the tensile and compressive regions of a beam subjected to bending loads.
O. H. Narayanan has written: 'Investigation of bulge formation in plane-strain strip drawing'
1. Plane sections normal to axis remain plane after bending. This implies that strain is proportional to the distance from neutral axis. 2. Maximum strain in concrete of compression zone at failure is 0.0035 in bending 3. Tensile strength of concrete is ignored. 4. The stress-strain curve for the concrete in compression may be assumed to be rectangle, trapezium, parabola or any other shape which results in prediction of strength in substantial agreement with test results.