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Proportional action refers to a control strategy in which the output response of a system is directly proportional to the error or deviation from a desired setpoint. In control systems, this approach adjusts the control variable in direct relation to the magnitude of the error, allowing for a straightforward and effective way to maintain system stability. It is commonly used in proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers, where the proportional term provides an immediate corrective response to the error. This method is particularly effective in systems where quick adjustments are necessary to minimize the error.

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