The CAPM is a model for pricing an individual security (asset) or a portfolio. For individual security perspective, we made use of the security market line (SML) and its relation to expected return and systematic risk (beta) to show how the market must price individual securities in relation to their security risk class. The SML enables us to calculate the reward-to-risk ratio for any security in relation to that of the overall market. Therefore, when the expected rate of return for any security is deflated by its beta coefficient, the reward-to-risk ratio for any individual security in the market is equal to the market reward-to-risk ratio
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The Constant growth model does not address risk; it uses the current market price, as the reflection of the expected risk return preference of investor in marketplace, whereas CAPM consider the firm's risk, as reflected by beta, in determining required return or cost of ordinary share equity.Another difference is that when constant growth model is used to find the cost of ordinary share equity, it can easily be adjusted with flotation cost to find the cost of new ordinary share capital. whereas CAPM does not provide simple adjustment.Although CAPM Model has strong theoretical foundation, the ease of the calculation of the constant growth model justifies it use.
Asset pricing pinpoints what an item is worth. This is done in most major retail stores and will usually show in the difference in price between two of the seemingly the same items.
asset light model is a business model where businesses now instead of purchasing the land enter into a contract with the land owner, where they share a certain percentage of profit arising out of the business done on the land. this helps in saving a huge cost of land to the business
It considers only systematic risk, reflecting a reality in which most investors have diversified portfolios from which unsystematic risk has been essentially eliminated. It generates a theoretically-derived relationship between required return and systematic risk which has been subject to frequent empirical research and testing. It is generally seen as a much better method of calculating the cost of equity than the dividend growth model (DGM) in that it explicitly takes into account a company’s level of systematic risk relative to the stock market as a whole. It is clearly superior to the WACC in providing discount rates for use in investment appraisal.
b) Binomial pricing model doesnt provide for the possibility of price of the underlying remaining the same between two consecutive time points (it assumes that either the price could go up or could come down; it completely ignores the possibility of the price not changing at all) a) Binomial pricing model breaks up the time to the expiry of option in to a limited number of time intervals and hence, the price calculated through binomial trees is more of a broad approximation of the actual price. (Compare this with Black Scholes (BS) Model which gives a more accurate approximation because the BS model involves breaking the time to expiry into infinitesimaly small time intervals).