Differentiation: when you differentiate a function, you find a new function (the derivative) which expresses the old function's rate of change. For example, if f(x) = 2x, then the derivative f ' (x) = 2 for all x, because the function is always increasing by 2 units for every increase of x by 1 unit.
A differential equation is an equation expressing a relationship between a named function and its derivatives. This can be as simple as y = y', where y is the original function and y' the derivative.
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A differential is the result gained when mathematical differentiation is applied to a function. Differentiation in maths is the function which finds the gradient of a function in terms of x. Differentiation in biology is the specialisation of unspecialised cells such as stem cells into active cells.
ordinary differential equation is obtained only one independent variable and partial differential equation is obtained more than one variable.
integration is reverse of differentiation and vice versa
I donot know whether there is actually a zero-order derivative equation, where the equation is defined as having two sides with equality or inequality sign between them. If the question is about a zero-order derivative function, then the answer is yes, since the zero order derivative is the function itself. ------------------ However, as far as we can talk about the differential equation- there is no meaning of "Zero Degree" but as many times while using expansion of differential operator using binomial theorem or while using Leibnitz's rule of differentiation, we simply denote derivatives of zero degree for no differentiation, we can say, for understanding, tha the equations without derivatives eg. y =mx can be treated as Differential Equation of Zero Order.
They are the same thing.