In (x+iy), x=any value in the real number line.
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Some letters such as e is a number, and i stands for imaginary number. But most letters are variables. x is a common variable. A variable is basically a number that you don't know so you just call it x.
Domain is used to refer to the x (or the independent variable).
In algebra, the domain consists of all possible values for the x variable that could make the function work. The range is all of the possible values of the function, using each number in the domain.
If I understand the question correctly, the answer is not in real numbers. But in the complex domain, there is the imaginary number i is such that i2 = -1. And so, for any positive x, [i*sqrt(x)]2 = i2*x = -1*x = -x, which is negative.
No. Not is x = 0 or if it an imaginary number.