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The formula to calculate the variance of a set of data is given by:

[ \sigma^2 = \frac{1}{N} \sum_{i=1}^{N} (x_i - \mu)^2 ]

for a population, where ( \sigma^2 ) is the variance, ( N ) is the number of data points, ( x_i ) represents each data point, and ( \mu ) is the mean of the data set. For a sample, the formula adjusts to:

[ s^2 = \frac{1}{n-1} \sum_{i=1}^{n} (x_i - \bar{x})^2 ]

where ( s^2 ) is the sample variance, ( n ) is the number of sample points, and ( \bar{x} ) is the sample mean.

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8mo ago

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