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sample size refers to the collection of data by only a selected size of te population through the process of sample surveys and sampling methods used in collecting data.
The population is every data point you intend to generalise the survey results to. The sample frame is those data points that you can pick from for the survey. The sample is which of these data points you actually survey, and the sample size is how many of those data points there are. For instance, if you have 700 students in a school, and you have access to 300 of them, and decide to give 30 of them a survey, the sample size is 30.
The sample size will depend on a number of factors other than the populatoin.These include:the resources (time, money) available for data collection, cleaning and validation, input and storage, and analysis;the implications of getting the answer wrong;the variability of the characteristic that is being measured;whether or not a simple random sample is the best sampling scheme.
The sample size is the number of elements, out of a population, for which some data are measured in order to make assessments about the population.
It increases the effective sample size.