Axis
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The straight-line distance from Newcastle, England to Darwin, Australia is 8557 miles. This is the true straight line distance which accounts for the curvature of the earth, NOT the straight line drawn on a map
That's called an axis of rotation, or simply an axis.
because the earth is round like a ball!
A line is the only 1-dimensional figure, but only while it's a straight line. As soon as it turns or bends, it's then 2-dimensional.
The Prime Meridian does not divide the Earth, it is an imaginary line going straight through the center.