If those letters are variables or unknowns, then it can be simplified to x2 z
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logbase5 of x =z x=5^z
5x3y2z3
(x - y)2 - z2 is a difference of two squares (DOTS), those of (x-y) and z. So the factorisation is [(x - y) + z]*[(x - y) - z] = (x - y + z)*(x - y - z)
y varies jointly with x and z if: when x is held fixed, y varies with z and when z is held fixed, y varies with x. Bothe x and z may vary together.
x(z+1) = xz + x