The independent variable, because it isn't affected by the other factors.
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The dependant variable is what you can't change, or decide, and it is affected by the independent variable. EX. If you were to see which liquid is the slowest, the independent variable would be the liquids that you can choose, and the independent variable would be how fast or slow they move, because it depends on what liquids you chose.
I'm assuming you mean independent and dependent variables? They are usually expressed as something like y=f(x) where the variable y is dependent on the value of the x.
yes. usually you will work with an equal amount of dependent and independent variables. (ie, one dependent variable for every independent variable, and such that there is some kind of relationship between each..) If only. Usually a variable depends on many other variables. Such as, the price of a house depends on its size, number of rooms, distance to schools, age, windows etc.
An independent variable is the variable you have control over, what you can choose and manipulate. It is usually what you think will affect the dependent variable. In some cases, you may not be able to manipulate the independent variable. It may be something that is already there and is fixed, something you would like to evaluate with respect to how it affects something else, the dependent variable like color, kind, time. Example: You are interested in how stress affects heart rate in humans. Your independent variable would be the stress and the dependent variable would be the heart rate. You can directly manipulate stress levels in your human subjects and measure how those stress levels change heart rate.
This will be a math function. Each choice is only going to have one answer in this kind of function.