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9 needs to be added to complete the square. When squaring (x + n), the result is x2 + 2nx + n2. We have +10x, so n must be 10/2 = 5. Thus: (x + 5)2 = x2 +10x + 25 = x2 +10x + 14 + 9 So 9 needs to be added to complete the square, giving: x2 +10x + 14 = (x + 5)2 - 9
81. To complete the square of x^2 + 18x, you take half the coefficient of the x term (half of 18 is 9), and square that number (9 squared is 81). To confirm this works, you can now factor x^2 + 18x + 81 and see that it factors as (x+9)(x+9), or (x+9)^2, a perfect square.
You need to add -22.