I don't know if anyone actually collects statistics on this, but I suspect the real answer is "considerably more than deserve a grade of C or above."
Assuming the teacher grades on a (real, bell) curve and sets the grade divisions based on standard deviations (within 0.5 SD of the mean = C, 0.5 over to 1.5 over = B, more than 1.5 SDs over = A) then about 69 percent will get C or above, around 24% will get a D, and 6.7% will fail (38% will get Cs, and the percentage of Bs and As will be the same as the percentage of Ds and Fs respectively). No teacher actually does this, though.
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