The commutative property of addition.
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This is an example of the "commutative" property.
commutative property of addition
Associative Property of Multiplication
It is the additive property of equality, as the additive property of length, as applied to adjacent or parallel line segments.
I don't know what a 'mathematical' sentence is. I'd prefer to call it an English sentence that describes a mathematical process and makes a statement concerning mathematical matters.