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to subtract an integer, add its opposite or additive inverse.
A number and its additive inverse add up to zero. If a number has no sign, add a "-" in front of it to get its additive inverse. The additive inverse of 5 is -5. The additive inverse of x is -x. If a number has a minus sign, take it away to get its additive inverse. The additive inverse of -10 is 10. The additive inverse of -y is y.
Subtracting an integer is the same as adding the additive inverse. In symbols: a - b = a + (-b), where "-b" is the additive inverse (the opposite) of b.
Zero
The additive inverse of -34 is the number you need to add to -34 to get 0 i.e. 34.