decimate
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Only the second meaning is accurate: decimate
A tenth part of ten cents
It's the tenth part.
'LACK' MEANS THAT SOMETHING IS ENTIRELY MISSING, 'SHORTAGE' ON THE OTHER HAND MEANS THAT PART IS MISSING
The simplest example is to take your birthday cake and cut it so that each of your ten guests have an equal slice. Each slice is a tenth of the whole cake. Therefore, a tenth is a fraction (or part) of a whole.